Uric acid (UA) is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. Hyperuricemia has been
previously reported to contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction and the development of …

Acute lung injury (ALI), caused by intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary factors such as
pneumonia, shock, and sepsis, eventually disrupts the alveolar-capillary barrier, resulting in …

Western diet (WD) has been shown to impair liver functions via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
stress and oxidative stress. Although osmolytes prevent liver dysfunction, little is known …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most frequent microvascular retinal complication of diabetic
patients, contributing to loss of vision. Recently, retinal neuroinflammation and …

Inflammatory microglia and P2X7R are involved in the development of stress-induced
depression. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial damage play an important …

Cognitive dysfunction occurs mainly in certain diseases and in the pathological process of
aging. In addition to this, it is also widespread in patients undergoing anesthesia, surgery …

Endometritis in high-yield dairy cows adversely affects lactation length, milk quality, and the
economics of dairy products. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in bovine endometrial …

Cardiotoxicity is a serious complication of cancer therapy. It is the second leading cause of
morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors and is associated with a variety of factors …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important player in various intracellular signaling
pathways that regulate cellular functions in many diseases. Intervertebral disc degeneration …

Atherosclerosis (AS) is an invisible killer among cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which has
seriously threatened the life of quality. The complex pathogenesis of AS involves multiple …