Macrophages, which are key cellular components of the liver, have emerged as essential
players in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis and in injury and repair processes in …

Macrophages have diverse phenotypes and functions due to differences in their origin,
location and pathophysiological context. Although their main role in the liver has been …

TGF-β is extensively implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In fibrotic lesions, spatially
restricted generation of bioactive TGF-β from latent stores requires the cooperation of …

Inflammation is one of the most characteristic features of chronic liver disease of viral,
alcoholic, fatty, and autoimmune origin. Inflammation is typically present in all disease …

Sustained hepatic inflammation is an important factor in progression of chronic liver
diseases, including hepatitis C or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver inflammation is …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—the most common chronic liver disease—encompasses a
histological spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, and
a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is intimately linked …

There have been considerable recent advances towards a better understanding of the
complex cellular and molecular network underlying liver fibrogenesis. Recent data indicate …

Liver fibrosis is a dynamic wound-healing process characterized by the net accumulation of
extracellular matrix. There is no efficient antifibrotic therapy other than liver transplantation to …

Hepatocyte death, inflammation, and liver fibrosis are the hallmarks of chronic liver disease.
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is an inflammatory cytokine involved in liver inflammation …