The cardiovascular safety of revefenacin, an anticholinergic indicated for the maintenance
treatment of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), was evaluated in phase …

Background and purpose Tiotropium bromide (TB) is a long acting muscarinic receptor
antagonist used to manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent meta …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)
frequently coexist, increasing the prevalence of both entities and impacting on symptoms …

As the information technology develops, large amount of data has been stored. The
digitalisation of the health‐care system enables researchers to use big data easily. Big data …

Objective Real‐world data on cardiopulmonary events among pregnant women receiving β‐
agonist therapy are scarce. In the present study, we aimed to examine the absolute and …

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on cigarette
smoke (CS)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and senescence in mice with emphysema and …

Purpose This study aims to establish a risk prediction model for muscular calf vein
thrombosis (MCVT) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary …

Background Cardiovascular comorbidity is common among patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and there is concern that long-acting bronchodilators (long …

Long-acting inhaled bronchodilator medications are recommended as initial maintenance
therapy for many patients with COPD. These medications include long-acting muscarinic …

Background Many commonly used prescription medications have cardiovascular adverse
effects, yet the cumulative risk of cardiovascular events associated with the concurrent use of …