Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O
2) are thought to be byproducts of aerobic respiration with damaging effects on DNA …

Human antioxidant protein 1 (Atox1) is a small cytosolic protein with an essential role in
copper homeostasis. Atox1 functions as a copper carrier facilitating copper transfer to the …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR2 were shown to be activated by saturated fatty acids
(SFAs) but inhibited by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, one report suggested that …

Apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase (ASK) 1 was recently identified as a mitogen‐activated
protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase which activates the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and …

Dynamic analysis of redox-based processes in living cells is now restricted by the lack of
appropriate redox biosensors. Conventional redox-sensitive GFPs (roGFPs) are limited by …

H 2 O 2 acts as a signaling molecule by oxidizing critical thiol groups on redox-regulated
target proteins. To explain the efficiency and selectivity of H 2 O 2-based signaling, it has …

Downstream mediators of p53 in apoptosis induction remain to be elucidated. We report that
p53‐induced apoptosis occurred in the absence of cytochrome c release into the cytosol …

Although the definite etiology of Parkinson's disease is still unclear, increasing evidence has
suggested an important role for environmental factors such as exposure to pesticides in …

Low oxygen and nutrient depletion play critical roles in tumorigenesis, but little is known
about how they interact to produce tumor survival and tumor malignancy. In the present …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are supposed to play an important role in hypoxia‐and
ischemia/reperfusion‐mediated neuronal injury with the characteristics of apoptosis. There …