Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in physiological and pathological
processes. Studies on the regulation of ROS for disease treatments have caused wide …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a heterogeneous autoimmune inflammatory disorder defined by
the damage to the bone and cartilage in the synovium, which causes joint impairment and …

Infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially the M1 macrophages that secrete various types of
inflammation cytokines, play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) …

Background and aim Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory
disease; the clinical manifestations are correlated with continuum multiarticular synovitis …

The therapeutic potential of liposomes to deliver drugs into inflamed tissue is well
documented. Liposomes are believed to largely transport drugs into inflamed joints by …

Macrophages play essential roles in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are
polarized into the pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype with significant oxidative stress and …

Combining existing drug therapy is essential in developing new therapeutic agents in
disease prevention and treatment. In preclinical investigations, combined effect of certain …

Osteoarthritis (OA), the commonest arthritis, is characterized by the progressive destruction
of cartilage, leading to disability. The Current early clinical treatment strategy for OA often …

Increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has remarkably
promoted the development of effective therapeutic regimens of RA. Nevertheless, the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease manifested by chronic joint
inflammation leading to severe disability and premature mortality. With a global prevalence …