Cupping Therapy (CT) is an ancient method and currently used in the treatment of a broad
range of medical conditions. Nonetheless the mechanism of action of (CT) is not fully …

Peripheral tissue damage or nerve injury often leads to pathological pain processes, such
as spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and allodynia, that persist for years or decades after all …

Wind-up is a frequency-dependent increase in the excitability of spinal cord neurones,
evoked by electrical stimulation of afferent C-fibres. Although it has been studied over the …

The flexion or flexor reflex (FR) recorded in the lower limbs in humans (LLFR) is a widely
investigated neurophysiological tool. It is a polysynaptic and multisegmental spinal …

Ten nociceptive neurones located deep (> 640μm) in the dorsal horn of the intact halothane
anaesthetized rat were activated by transcutaneous electrical stimulation of their receptive …

Multireceptive neurones are found in the spinal dorsal horn and may be projection neurones
and/or interneurones for polysynaptic reflexes. The cutaneous receptive field of a …

Descending modulation of pain can be demonstrated psychophysically by dual pain
stimulation. This study evaluates in 31 healthy subjects the association between parameters …

The increase in pain sensitivity that follows injury is regulated by superficially located
projection neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord that express the neurokinin-1 (NK1) …

The nociceptive flexion reflex (R111 reflex) and the concurrent subjective pain score elicited
by right sural nerve stimulation at random intensities were studied in 10 healthy volunteers …

Evidence has been accumulated suggesting that a dysfunction in pain inhibitory systems, ie
in 'diffuse noxious inhibitory controls '(DNIC)-like mechanisms, might be—amongst other …