Protein homeostasis is epitomized by an equilibrium between protein biosynthesis and
degradation: the 'life and death'of proteins. Approximately one-third of newly synthesized …

Owing to a sessile lifestyle in nature, plants are routinely faced with diverse hostile
environments such as various abiotic and biotic stresses, which lead to accumulation of free …

Fructokinase (FRK) activates fructose through phosphorylation, which sends the activated
fructose into primary metabolism and regulates fructose signaling capabilities in plants. The …

Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid polypeptide common to all eukaryotic organisms. It functions as
a post-translationally modifying mark covalently linked to a large cohort of yet poorly defined …

The abscisic acid (ABA) signalling pathway is involved in the plant response to osmotic
stress caused by drought and/or salinity. Although the ABA signalling pathway has been …

Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis plays crucial roles in plant responses to environmental
stress. However, the mechanism by which E3 ubiquitin ligases modulate plant stress …

Key message F-box E3-ubiquitin ligases regulate critical biological processes in plant
development and stress responses. Future research could elucidate why and how plants …

Protein ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) process that covalently
modifies a protein substrate with either mono-ubiquitin moieties or poly-ubiquitin chains …

Downy mildew (DM), caused by P. cubensis, is harmful to cucurbits including luffa, with
increased shortcomings associated with its control through cultural practices, chemical …

Abstract Although ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4) was initially demonstrated as a
key positive regulator in the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) signaling cascade, multiple …