Porosity is an important material feature commonly employed in implants and tissue
scaffolds. The presence of material voids permits the infiltration of cells, mechanical …

Approaches for effective and sustained drug delivery to the female reproductive tract (FRT)
for treating a range of gynaecological conditions remain limited. The development of …

Objective: To develop and characterize innovative vaginal dosage forms for the treatment of
bacterial vaginosis (BV). Significance: This study is the first comparative evaluation of the …

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) affect
hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The antiviral lectin, Griffithsin (GRFT), has been …

The emergence of many new viruses in recent times has resulted in a significant scientific
challenge for discovering drugs and vaccines that effectively treat and prevent viral …

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-loaded bioadhesive chitosan microparticles (CM) were
developed by an emulsification internal gelation technique. Among different batches …

Prevention strategies play a key role in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Vaginal and rectal
microbicides hold great promise in tackling sexual transmission of HIV-1, but effective and …

Women are particularly vulnerable to sexual HIV-1 transmission. Oral pre-exposure
prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) is highly …

Biological sex differences are observed at multiple different length scales and across organ
systems. Gaps in knowledge remain regarding our understanding of how molecular, cellular …

Traditional drug administration methods, including injection, oral and nasal route, have been
extensively adopted over the years due to their low-cost and/or easy ways to deliver drugs …