Gynostemma plants are important Chinese medicinal material and economic crops. Codon
usage analysis is a good way to understand organism evolution and phylogeny. There is no …

Studies on the molecular characteristics of chloroplast genome are generally important for
clarifying the evolutionary processes of plant species. The base composition, the effective …

Sesamum indicum is an ancient oil crop grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.
We have analyzed 23,538 coding sequences (CDS) of S. indicum to understand the factors …

Codon usage bias (CUB) refers to different codons exhibiting varying frequencies of usage
in the genome. Studying CUB is crucial for understanding genome structure, function, and …

Hibiscus syriacus, a member of the tribe Hibisceae, is considered an important ornamental
and medicinal plant in east Asian countries. Here, we sequenced and assembled the …

Background The chloroplast genome of plants is known for its small size and low mutation
and recombination rates, making it a valuable tool in plant phylogeny, molecular evolution …

Abstract Background Farsetia hamiltonii Royle is a medicinally important annual plant from
the Cholistan desert that belongs to the tribe Anastaticeae and clade C of the Brassicaceae …

Sphaeropteris lepifera is a tree fern in the Cyatheaceae, a family that has played an
important role in the evolution of plant systems. This study aimed to analyze the complete …

Lemnoideae, commonly referred to as the duckweed, are aquatic plants found worldwide.
Wolffia species are known for their extreme reduction in size and complexity, lacking both …

Calendula officinalis L. is a versatile medicinal plant with numerous applications in various
fields. However, its chloroplast genome structure, features, phylogeny, and patterns of …