Interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 13 (IL13) are closely related cytokines that have been
classically attributed to type II immunity, namely, differentiation of T-helper 2 (TH2) cells and …

Ocular toxoplasmosis is a major cause of blindness world-wide. Ocular involvement is
frequently seen following congenital infection. Many of these infections are quiescent but …

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease where the altered regulation in
angiogenesis, inflammation, and proliferation of keratinocytes are the possible causes of the …

Abstract Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the control of many
different disorders, including autoimmune, oncogenic, and diverse infectious diseases. In …

The Th17 cytokines interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IL-17F, and IL-22 are critical for the lung
immune response to a variety of bacterial pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae. Th2 …

Mucous cell metaplasia is a hallmark of asthma, and may be mediated by signal transducers
and activators of transcription (STAT)–6 signaling. IL-17A is increased in the …

Previous studies have identified 41 independent genome-wide significant psoriasis
susceptibility loci. After our first psoriasis genome-wide association study, we designed a …

The prevalence of atopic diseases continues to rise in modernized countries, without a clear
explanation for this increase. One potential cause identified from epidemiologic studies of …

Background Recent studies have demonstrated that Th2 responses have the ability to
antagonize Th17 responses. In mouse models of allergic asthma, blockade of Th2‐effector …

Exposure to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) causes extensive neutrophilic inflammation in the
airways followed by mucous cell hyperplasia (MCH) that is sustained by the anti-apoptotic …