This review addresses the interplay between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and
cardiovascular diseases. It is proposed that obesity, generally defined by an excess of body …

Diabesity is a term used to describe the combined adverse health effects of obesity and
diabetes mellitus. The worldwide dual epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is an …

The heart consumes large amounts of energy in the form of ATP that is continuously
replenished by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and, to a lesser extent, by …

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is incompletely coupled, since protons translocated
to the intermembrane space by specific respiratory complexes of the electron transport chain …

Even in the absence of coronary artery disease and hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM)
may increase the risk for heart failure development. This risk evolves from functional and …

Oxidative stress occurs whenever the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds
endogenous antioxidant capacity. In this paper, we review the specific role of several …

Cardiovascular disease is a major leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United
States and elsewhere. Alterations in mitochondrial function are increasingly being …

The heart utilizes large amounts of fatty acids as energy providing substrates. The
physiological balance of lipid uptake and oxidation prevents accumulation of excess lipids …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been related to alterations of oxidative metabolism in
insulin-responsive tissues. Overt T2DM can present with acquired or inherited reductions of …

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an increasingly recognized acute heart failure
syndrome precipitated by intense emotional stress. Although there is an apparent rapid and …