Executive function is a collection of cognitive processes essential for higher order mental
function. Processes involved in executive function include, but are not limited to, working …

Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common
neuropsychiatric disorders affecting some 8–10% of children worldwide. Increasing …

The noradrenaline (norepinephrine) system exerts profound influences on cognition via
ascending projections to the forebrain, mostly originating from the locus coeruleus. This …

Tapentadol is a novel, centrally-acting analgesic drug, with an analgesic efficacy
comparable to that of strong opioids such as oxycodone and morphine. Its high efficacy has …

The brain stem noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) is involved in various costly
processes: arousal, stress, and attention. Recent work has pointed toward an implication in …

Faced with a constant inundation of information and increasing pressures brought by the
continuous development of modern civilization, people are increasingly faced with mental …

Schizophrenia is associated with impaired attention. The top-down control of attention,
defined as the ability to guide and refocus attention in accordance with internal goals and …

The subjective measures used to study mood disorders in humans cannot be replicated in
animals; however, the increasing application of objective neuropsychological methods …

The neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) has long been associated with
the control of a variety of motivated behaviors, including feeding. Much of the evidence …

Atomoxetine (ATM) is a potent norepinephrine (NE) uptake inhibitor and increases both NE
and dopamine synaptic levels in prefrontal cortex, where it is thought to exert its beneficial …