Diabetic sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) is a serious complication of diabetes
mellitus and is associated with increased mortality, lower-limb amputations and distressing …

Interactions between the immune and nervous systems are of central importance in
neuropathic pain, a common and debilitating form of chronic pain caused by a lesion or …

Introduction: Given our improved understanding of the role of central sensitization (CS) in
many patients with chronic pain, it seems rational to account for CS during treatment. Areas …

Chronic pain is a significant problem worldwide and is the most common disability in the
United States. It is well known that the immune system plays a critical role in the …

Introduction: The mechanism of sensitization of the central nervous system partly explains
the chronic pain experience in many patients, but the etiological mechanisms of this central …

Obesity is associated with consumption of energy-dense diets and development of systemic
inflammation. Gut microbiota play a role in energy harvest and inflammation and can …

Chronic pain is associated with long term plasticity of nociceptive pathways in the central
nervous system. Astrocytes can profoundly affect synaptic function and increasing evidence …

Aim. Neuropathic pain affects 7–10% of the population, with most of the patients receiving
inadequate and incomplete treatment. Owing to the high financial burden and the poor …

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes connected with
morbidity and mortality. DPN presents deterioration of peripheral nerves with pain …

Systemic inflammation during infectious disorders usually accompanies chronic
complications including cognitive dysfunction. Neuroinflammation and cognitive deficit are …