Loss of functional β-cell mass is the key mechanism leading to the two main forms of
diabetes mellitus—type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) …

The evolution of glucagon has seen the transition from an impurity in the preparation of
insulin to the development of glucagon receptor agonists for use in type 1 diabetes. In type 2 …

Impaired function of pancreatic islet cells is a major cause of metabolic dysregulation and
disease in humans. Despite this, it remains challenging to directly link physiological …

Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of metabolic disorders which affect how the body uses
glucose impacting approximately 9% of the population worldwide. This review covers the …

Pancreatic islet cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for
modeling and treating diabetes. Differences between stem-cell-derived and primary islets …

The interaction between the immune system and endocrine cells in the pancreas is crucial
for the initiation and progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) …

Cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes play a central role in the tissue destruction of many
autoimmune disorders. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), insulin and its precursor preproinsulin are …

BACKGROUND Multiple islet autoantibodies (AAbs) predict the development of type 1
diabetes (T1D) and hyperglycemia within 10 years. By contrast, T1D develops in only …

Cystic fibrosis–related (CF-related) diabetes (CFRD) is an increasingly common and
devastating comorbidity of CF, affecting approximately 35% of adults with CF. However, the …

This review focuses on the human pancreatic islet—including its structure, cell composition,
development, function, and dysfunction. After providing a historical timeline of key …