Many of cation-permeable ionotropic receptors to various neurotransmitters, such as
glutamate, acetylcholine and ATP, are permeable to Ca 2+ ions. For some of them, in …

Outer hair cells (OHCs) are highly specialized sensory cells conferring the fine‐tuning and
high sensitivity of the mammalian cochlea to acoustic stimuli. Here, by genetically …

Mast cells play important roles in host defence against pathogens, as well as being a key
effector cell in diseases with an allergic basis such as asthma and an increasing list of other …

Purpose.: There is evidence implicating ischemia and excitotoxicity in the pathogenesis of
glaucoma. ATP-mediated excitotoxicity via activation of the P2X 7 receptor (P2X 7 R) has …

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a common symptom of most diseases in clinic, which seriously
affects the mental health of patients and brings certain pain to patients. Due to its …

Microglia are known to invade the mammalian spinal cord (SC) at an early embryonic stage.
While the mechanisms underlying this early colonization of the nervous system are still …

Until recently, analysis of the mechanisms underlying epilepsy was centered on neuron
dysfunctions. Accordingly, most of the available pharmacological treatments aim at reducing …

P2X receptors are nonselective cation channels gated by extracellular ATP. They represent
new therapeutic targets, and they form channels with a unique trimeric architecture. In 2009 …

We investigated the properties and regulation of P2X receptors in immortalized C8-B4 cells
of cerebellar microglial origin. Resting C8-B4 cells expressed virtually no functional P2X …

P2X1 receptors are adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated cation channels that are
functionally important for male fertility, bladder contraction, and platelet aggregation. The …