Inflammation aims to restore tissue homeostasis after injury or infection. Age-related decline
of tissue homeostasis causes a physiological low-grade chronic inflammatory phenotype …

Tryptophan (TRP), an essential amino acid in mammals, is involved in several physiological
processes including neuronal function, immunity, and gut homeostasis. In humans, TRP is …

Background and aims Inconsistent findings have been reported on the association between
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and mortality risk. The objective of this meta …

In this narrative review, the biological/biochemical impact (toxicity) of a large array of known
individual uremic retention solutes and groups of solutes is summarized. We classified these …

The active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), serves as a co-factor in more
than 150 enzymatic reactions. Plasma PLP has consistently been shown to be low in …

Kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary path of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in most
mammalian cells. The KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn) …

The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and an intensive study of these lipids may be
informative, not only of normal brain function but also of changes with age and in disease. In …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the retention of a myriad of solutes termed
uraemic (or uremic) toxins, which inflict damage to several organs, including the …

Background: Rising data suggest that COVID-19 affects vascular endothelium while the
underlying mechanisms promoting COVID-19-associated endothelial dysfunction and …

The prevalence of inflammatory diseases is increasing in modern urban societies.
Inflammation increases risk of stress-related pathology; consequently, immunoregulatory or …