Melatonin is an ancient antioxidant. After its initial development in bacteria, it has been
retained throughout evolution such that it may be or may have been present in every species …

Melatonin, along with its metabolites, have long been known to significantly reduce the
oxidative stress burden of aging cells or cells exposed to toxins. Oxidative damage is a …

Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease linked to endothelial dysfunction. Melatonin
is reported to possess substantial anti‐inflammatory properties, which has proven to be …

The epidemiological studies have indicated a possible oncostatic property of melatonin on
different types of tumors. Besides, experimental studies have documented that melatonin …

Endogenous melatonin is synthesized from tryptophan via 5-hydroxytryptamine. It is
considered an indoleamine from a biochemical point of view because the melatonin …

Melatonin is a small, highly conserved indole with numerous receptor-mediated and
receptor-independent actions. Receptor-dependent functions include circadian rhythm …

Melatonin is an old and ubiquitous molecule in nature showing multiple mechanisms of
action and functions in practically every living organism. In mammals, pineal melatonin …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive erosion of
articular cartilage. As chondrocytes are the only cell type forming the articular cartilage, their …

Inflammation may be defined as the innate response to harmful stimuli such as pathogens,
injury, and metabolic stress; its ultimate function is to restore the physiological homeostatic …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), remains
as one of the major causes of vision loss worldwide. The release of pro-inflammatory …