Bacteria encounter a myriad of stresses in their natural environments, including, for
pathogens, their hosts. These stresses elicit a variety of specific and highly regulated …

All microorganisms possess a positive turgor, and maintenance of this outward-directed
pressure is essential since it is generally considered as the driving force for cell expansion …

Increasing wildfire severity, which is common throughout the western United States, can
have deleterious effects on plant regeneration and large impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen …

Methylotrophic bacterial community is very important group of bacteria utilizing reduced
carbon compounds and plays significant role in plant growth promotion (PGP), crop yield …

One of the strongest and most noticeable responses of Bacillus subtilis cells to a range of
stress and starvation stimuli is the dramatic induction of about 150 SigB-dependent general …

The specificity of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase for target promotes is largely due to the
replaceable sigma subunit that it carries. Multiple sigma proteins, each conferring a unique …

Growth under conditions of salt stress has important effects on the synthesis of degradative
enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. Salt stress strongly stimulates the expression of sacB, encoding …

Gene arrays containing all currently known open reading frames of Bacillus subtilis were
used to examine the general stress response of Bacillus. By proteomics, transcriptional …

“Bacteria have evolved adaptive networks to face the challenges of changing environments
and to survive under conditions of stress. Therefore, the efficiencies of inactivation and …

The induction of stress proteins is an important component of the adaptional network of a
non‐growing cell of Bacillus subtilis. A diverse range of stresses such as heat shock, salt …