Simple Summary Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells escape primary tumor site
and colonize distant organs, is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. The tumor …

The complexity, diversity, and heterogeneity of tumors seriously undermine the therapeutic
potential of treatment. Therefore, the current trend in clinical research has gradually shifted …

Exosomes are emerging as important mediators of the cross-talk between tumor cells and
the microenvironment. However, the mechanisms by which exosomes modulate tumor …

Hypoxia induicible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a key transcription factor in cancer progression
and target therapy in cancer. HIF-1α acts differently depending on presence or absence of …

Hypoxia development in tumor is closely associated with its increased aggressiveness and
strong resistance to therapy, leading to the poor prognosis in several cancer types …

Exosomes are emerging as important elements that participate in intercellular
communication and tumor microenvironment modulation, but the exact mechanisms by …

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate from the initial phases of cancer onset to the
settlement of a metastatic niche in a second organ. Their role in cancer progression is …

The prominence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating superficial skin cancer inspires
innovative solutions for its congenitally deficient shadow penetration of the visible-light …

Hypoxia is one of the important properties of solid tumor. However, oxygen supply within
tumors is generally heterogeneous according to the distance from the nearest blood vessel …

Activation of the tumor and stromal cell-driven angiogenic program is one of the first
requirements in the tumor ecosystem for growth and dissemination. The understanding of …