Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, mainly positively charged, amphipathic molecules.
AMPs are important effectors of the immune response in insects with a broad spectrum of …

The host defence of insects includes a combination of cellular and humoral responses. The
cellular arm of the insect innate immune system includes mechanisms that are directly …

Employing the clear, student-friendly style that made previous editions so popular, Insect
Physiology and Biochemistry, Fourth Edition presents an engaging and authoritative guide …

The innate immune response of insects provides a robust line of defense against pathogenic
microbes and eukaryotic parasites. It consists of two types of overlapping immune …

Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful.
Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti …

Insects are the most widespread group of organisms and more than one million species
have been described. These animals have significant ecological functions, for example they …

Abstract Introduction Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are a class of small molecular weight
soluble proteins that exist as expanded gene families in all insects, acting as ligand carriers …

In insects, a complex and effective immune system that can be rapidly activated by a
plethora of stimuli has evolved. Although the main cellular and humoral mechanisms and …

The mosquito's innate immune system defends against a variety of pathogens, and the
conserved siRNA pathway plays a central role in the control of viral infections. Here, we …

The Toll receptor signaling pathway is an important innate immune response of insects to
pathogen infection; its extracellular signal transduction involves serine protease cascade …