Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a classic autoimmune disease characterized by uncontrolled
synovial proliferation, pannus formation, cartilage injury, and bone destruction. The specific …

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are important non-immune cells located mostly in the
inner layer of the synovium. Indeed, these cells are specialized mesenchymal cells …

An association of melatonin levels with age disease initiation of autoimmune diseases and
pineal calcification was reported while an inverse association between melatonin levels and …

Objective Cantleyoside (CA) is a kind of iridoid glycosides in Pterocephalus hookeri (CB
Clarke) Höeck. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CA on human …

Introduction The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its complications are expected to
increase with age. Remarkably, RA patients were identified features of accelerated aging …

Macrophages are highly plastic cells critical for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Macrophages exhibit a high degree of pro-inflammatory plasticity in RA, accompanied by a …

Macrophages are a diverse population of phagocytic immune cells involved in the host
defense mechanisms and regulation of homeostasis. Usually, macrophages maintain …

Although autoimmunity contributes to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), several lines of evidence
challenge the dogma that it is mainly an autoimmune disorder. As RA-associated human …

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic symmetric synovial
inflammation and erosive bone destruction. Mitochondria are the main site of cellular energy …

Immune cells undergo different metabolic pathways or immunometabolisms to interact with
various antigens. Immunometabolism links immunological and metabolic processes and is …