Engineered probiotics are a kind of new microorganisms produced by modifying original
probiotics through gene editing. With the continuous development of tools and technology …

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is one of the essential vitamins that the human body needs to
maintain normal metabolism. Its biosynthesis has become one of the successful models for …

Background Bacillus subtilis is widely used in industrial-scale riboflavin production. Previous
studies have shown that targeted mutagenesis of the ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase in …

An unbalanced diet and poor lifestyle are common reasons for numerous health
complications in humans. Probiotics are known to provide substantial benefits to human …

Vitamin B 2 is an essential water-soluble vitamin. For most prokaryotes, a bifunctional
enzyme called FAD synthase catalyzes the successive conversion of riboflavin to FMN and …

Abstract Guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) provides precursors for the biological synthesis
of various valuable compounds. However, the insufficient supply of GTP is often …

The bacterium Yersinia pestis has developed various strategies to sense and respond to the
complex stresses encountered during its transmission and pathogenic processes. PurR is a …

Background Guanosine is a purine nucleoside that is widely used as a raw material for food
additives and pharmaceutical products. Microbial fermentation is the main production …

Gut represents one of the largest interfaces for the interaction of host factors and the
environmental ones. Gut microbiota, largely dominated by bacterial community, plays a …

Horizontal gene transfer occurs frequently in bacteria, but the mechanism driving activation
and optimization of the expression of horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) in new recipient …