Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based
products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits …

Critical advancement is needed in the study of human milk as a biological system that
intersects and interacts with myriad internal (maternal biology) and external (diet …

Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol), its active derivatives retinal and retinoic acid, and their synthetic
analogues constitute the group of retinoids. It is obtained from diet either as preformed …

The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, Fifth Edition, provides the latest
coverage of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamins and vitamin-like substances. Health …

Background Breast milk is the sole source of nutrition for exclusively breastfed infants in the
first 6 mo of life, yet few studies have measured micronutrient concentrations in breast milk in …

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an intestinal disease that primarily impacts preterm infants.
The pathophysiology of NEC involves a complex interplay of factors that result in a …

Red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavone was supplemented to dairy cows, and antioxidant
capacity of milk was assessed. Treated cows increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes …

The influence of gestational age and lactational stage on carotene, retinol ester, α-
tocopherol and γ-tocopherol content of early human milk was studied. These nutrients were …

Pregnancy and lactation are critical life stages with unique nutritional requirements,
including for vitamin A (VA). Current DRIs for VA were published in 2001. The objective of …

Little valid information is available on human milk nutrient concentrations, especially for
micronutrients (MNs), and there are no valid reference values (RVs) across lactation. In this …