Biofilm is complex and consists of bacterial colonies that reside in an exopolysaccharide
matrix that attaches to foreign surfaces in a living organism. Biofilm frequently leads to …

Antibiotics played an important role in controlling the development of enteric infection.
However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance and gut dysbiosis led to a growing interest …

Staphylococcus aureus is a nosocomial bacterium causing different infectious diseases,
ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to more serious and life-threatening infections …

Most free-living bacteria can attach to surfaces and aggregate to grow into multicellular
communities encased in extracellular polymeric substances called biofilms. Biofilms are …

A variety of organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and plants, produce secondary metabolites,
also known as natural products. Natural products have been a prolific source and an …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of mortality
among immunocompromised patients in clinical setups. The hallmarks of virulence in P …

Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, in most cases, which are resistant usually to broad-
spectrum antibiotics in their typical concentrations or even in higher doses. A trend of …

Fatty acids (FAs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics. Since
many microbes respond differently to a variety of natural and synthetic FAs, substantial …

Rooted in the mechanism of action of antibiotics and subject to bacterial evolution, antibiotic
resistance is difficult and perhaps impossible to overcome. Nevertheless, strategies can be …

Biofilm formed by several pathogenic bacteria results in the development of resistance
against antimicrobial compounds. The polymeric materials present in the biofilm architecture …