The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

Because of their medicinal characteristics, effectiveness, and importance, plant-derived
flavonoids have been a possible subject of research for many years, particularly in the last …

Cancer is often considered a genetic disease. However, much of the enormous plasticity of
cancer cells to evolve different phenotypes, to adapt to challenging microenvironments and …

Understanding cell state transitions and purposefully controlling them is a longstanding
challenge in biology. Here we present cell state transition assessment and regulation …

At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their
effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and …

In the present paper, we describe multiple levels of cross-talk between the PI3K
(phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt and Ras/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) …

Although we have amassed extensive catalogues of signalling network components, our
understanding of the spatiotemporal control of emergent network structures has lagged …

The development of drug resistance by cancer cells is recognized as a major cause for drug
failure and disease progression. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is aberrantly stimulated in …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a salient feature of all solid tissues within the body. This
complex, acellular entity is composed of hundreds of individual molecules whose assembly …

Our understanding of endocytosis has evolved remarkably in little more than a decade. This
is the result not only of advances in our knowledge of its molecular and biological workings …