Oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions are central to the existence of life. Reactive species of
oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur mediate redox control of a wide range of essential cellular …

In this review, we explore how short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut
microbiome affect Parkinson's disease (PD) through their modulatory interactions with alpha …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelination disease of the central nervous system
(CNS). The gut-brain axis involves communication between the nervous, endocrine, and …

This study examined the protective effect of flaxseed lignans on liver damage caused by an
overdose of paracetamol (PAM). The findings demonstrated that administering 800 mg/kg/d …

Trihexyphenidyl (THP)—a synthetic anticholinergic medication used to manage
parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms—has gained significant clinical recognition …

The gastrointestinal (GI) barrier acts as the primary interface between humans and the
external environment. It constantly faces the risk of inflammation and oxidative stress due to …

Evidence exists that the gut microbiota contributes to the alterations of lipid metabolism
associated with high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, the gut microbiota has been found to …

After acute kidney injury (AKI), renal function continues to deteriorate in some patients. In a
pro-inflammatory and profibrotic environment, the proximal tubules are subject to …

The escalating rates of morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use disorder (OUD)
have spurred a critical need for improved treatment outcomes. This study aimed to …

Background There are few efficient treatment options for alcohol addiction, which continues
to be a serious public health concern. The possible contribution of gut microbiota to the …