The mammalian medial vestibular nucleus (MVe) receives input from all vestibular
endorgans and provides extensive projections to the central nervous system. Recent studies …

Abstract Cav3. 2 T-type calcium channel is a major molecular actor of neuropathic pain in
peripheral sensory neurons, but its involvement at the supraspinal level is almost unknown …

Renin–angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS) peptides injected into the periaqueductal gray
matter (PAG) elicit antinociception. Saralasin blocks Ang II-elicited antinociception. Thus, it is …

Supra-spinal pain processing involves a number of extensive networks. An examination of
these networks using small animal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is difficult …

Background: Descending pronociceptive pathways may be implicated in states of persistent
pain. Paw skin incision is a well-established postoperative pain model that causes …

The loss of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons is the fundamental pathological feature of
Parkinson's disease (PD). PD causes chronic pain in two-thirds of patients. Recent studies …

Endogenous angiotensin (Ang) II and/or an Ang II-derived peptide, acting on Ang type 1
(AT1) and Ang type 2 (AT2) receptors, can carry out part of the nociceptive control …

The electrical stimulation of the occipital (OC) or retrosplenial (RSC) cortex produces
antinociception in the rat tail-flick and formalin tests. This study examined the antinociceptive …

The present study aimed to investigate how ongoing brain rhythmical oscillations changed
during the postoperative pain and whether electroacupuncture (EA) regulated these brain …

Electrical stimulation of the anterior pretectal nucleus (APtN) activates two descending pain
inhibitory pathways. One of these pathways relays in the ipsilateral lateral …