The notion of an anatomical basis for learning has its roots in ancient Greece and has been
restated and refined in modern terminology by numerous contributors 1–4. A fundamental …

Female rats were placed into complex (EC) or isolated (IC) environments for 45 days,
beginning at 450 days of age. Golgi-Cox stained layer IV stellate and layer III occipital …

Age‐related increases and decreases have been described in cortical dendritic neuropil.
Here, we examine age‐related changes in the basilar dendrites of supragranular pyramidal …

Metric analysis methods used to study neuronal arborizations are reviewed and discussed.
The analysis methods considered are those examining the spatial orientation and density of …

Considerable structural plasticity is possible in the damaged neocortex and connected brain
areas, and the potential for significant functional recovery remains even during the chronic …

The pattern of dendritic development of layer V pyramidal cells in the neocortex of the rat
was studied using a variety of quantitative techniques in an attempt to determine what rules …

Studies have demonstrated the effects of complex environment (EC) housing on brain
plasticity both during postnatal development and in adulthood, but it is not clear how long …

Spiny branchlets of cerebellar Purkinje neurons, thought to be sites of synaptic efficacy
change during motor learning, degenerate during aging. To examine effects of behavioral …

The blacksmith (Chromis punctipinnis), an abundant pomacentrid fish off southern
California, regularly forages on zooplankton during the day and shelters in rocky reefs at …

Previous work has demonstrated substantial formation o of new synapses and capillary
branches in visual cortex of young rats provided with complex experience. Synaptogenesis …