Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are the most widespread class of cyanotoxins and the one
that has most often been implicated in cyanobacterial toxicosis. One of the main challenges …

Cyanobacteria were present on the earth 3.5 billion years ago; since then they have
colonized almost all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. They produce a high number of …

Human and ecological health depends on the vitality of freshwater systems, but these are
increasingly threatened by cyanotoxins released from harmful algal blooms (HABs). Periodic …

The occurrence of cyanobacterial toxins is being increasingly reported. This is a reason for
concern as they can induce toxic effects both in humans and in the environment. Among …

Background Cyanobacterial blooms occur with increasing frequency in freshwater
ecosystems, posing a hazard to human and environmental health. Exposure of human to …

Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in
food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under …

Microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are among the most frequent toxins
produced by cyanobacteria. These toxic secondary metabolites are classified as …

Climate change constitutes a relevant driver of emerging risks. While a broad range of
forward‐looking studies and reports examine the impact of climate change on food security …

Eutrophicated waters frequently support bloom-forming cyanobacteria, many of which
produce potent cyanobacterial toxins (cyanotoxins). Cyanotoxins can cause adverse health …

Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of structurally diverse cyanotoxins and bioactive
cyanopeptides in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. The health significance of …