Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in the general population and is
associated with high mortality; a need therefore exists for better biomarkers for diagnosis …

Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic protozoa, which exists widely in nature and is mainly
distributed in soil and water. Acanthamoeba usually exists in two forms, trophozoites and …

Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic protozoan that is widely distributed in the environment
and is well recognized to produce serious human infections, including a blinding keratitis …

Microbial pathogens use a number of genetic strategies to invade the host and cause
infection. These common themes are found throughout microbial systems. Secretion of …

NF-κB is a critical activator of genes involved in inflammation and immunity 1, 2. Pro-
inflammatory cytokines activate the IκB kinase (IKK) complex that phosphorylates the NF-κB …

The periodontal diseases are infectious diseases caused by predominantly Gram-negative
bacteria. However, as our understanding of the pathogenesis of the periodontal diseases …

Acute inflammation in the lung is essential to health. So too is its resolution. In response to
invading microbes, noxious stimuli, or tissue injury, an acute inflammatory response is …

In 1979 and 1980, the chemical structures of the material previously known as slow-reacting
substance of anaphylaxis were elucidated as 5 (S)-hydroxy-6 (R)-glutathionyl-7, 9-trans-11 …

Inflammation is a network of complex processes involving a variety of metabolic and
signaling pathways aiming at healing and repairing damage tissue, or fighting infection …

Total parenteral nutrition is the final option for nutritional support of patients with severe
intestinal failure. Lipid emulsions constitute the main source of fuel calories and fatty acids …