Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative that is involved in the transport of
long-chain fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix. There, these substrates undergo β …

Kidney disease is associated with a wide variety of metabolic abnormalities that accompany
the uremic state and the state of dialysis dependence. These include altered L-carnitine …

Leg cramping is a common side effect of hemodialysis, and this is frequently treated by the
administration of carnitine, but this is not effective in every patient. Alkalosis is a key …

Background Carnitine plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fatty acids as well as energy
production. Previous research has suggested a significant decrease in carnitine levels in …

Background: Carnitine deficiency is common in patients on dialysis. Serum free carnitine
concentration is significantly lower in patients on hemodialysis (HD) than in healthy …

Background Carnitine deficiency is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
who require dialysis. Several clinical studies have suggested that carnitine supplementation …

Introduction: Carnitine deficiency is common in patients undergoing intermittent
hemodialysis and may also occur during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). We …

The function of the respiratory chain is closely associated with kidney function, and the
dysfunction of the respiratory chain is a primary pathophysiological change in chronic kidney …

Introduction L-carnitine exerts protective effects, such as maintaining mitochondrial functions
and decreasing reactive oxygen species, while acylcarnitine (AC) is linked to the …

Carnitine deficiency contributes to developing various pathological conditions, such as
cardiac dysfunction, muscle weakness, and erythropoietin-resistant anemia in patients …