Cholesterol is a critical lipid for all mammalian cells, ensuring proper membrane integrity,
fluidity, and biochemical function. Accumulating evidence indicates that macrophages …

Atherosclerosis is still one of the main causes of death around the globe. This condition
leads to various life-threatening cardiovascular complications. However, no effective …

The toxic mechanisms of functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) in bivalves,
especially regarding energy homeostasis and immunity in benthic marine ecosystem, are …

Apolipoprotein AI (apoA-I) mediates reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) out of cells. In
addition to its important role in the RTC, apoA-I also possesses anti-inflammatory and …

Lipid rafts are ubiquitous in cells. They are identified as cholesterol and glycosphingolipid
enriched microdomains on cellular membranes. They serve as platforms for cellular …

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are complex endogenous nanoparticles involved in
important functions such as reverse cholesterol transport and immunomodulatory activities …

Understanding the mechanism behind probiotic action will enable a rational selection of
probiotics, increase the chances of success in clinical studies and make it easy to …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread disease associated with
high rates of disability and mortality. COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation in the …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the leading causes of
morbidity and mortality worldwide. COPD rarely occurs in isolation and is often combined …

The biologically active form of vitamin D, calcitriol (VD3), has received great attention for its
extraskeletal effects, such as a protective role on the cardiovascular system. The aim of the …