The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

Neurodegenerative disorders and type 2 diabetes are global epidemics compromising the
quality of life of millions worldwide, with profound social and economic implications. Despite …

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, or amylin) is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of
the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. It is a regulatory peptide with putative function both …

Amyloid deposits consisting of fibrillar islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in pancreatic islets
are associated with beta-cell loss and have been implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here …

The hormone islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, or amylin) plays a role in glucose
homeostasis but aggregates to form islet amyloid in type‐2 diabetes. Islet amyloid formation …

Vm= 1000 (R x TIF) ln [H+] O/[H+],) where R and F are the gas constant and Faraday
constant respectively, and Vm is membrane voltage in mV. At 22 C, Vm= 59 (pH,-pHO). At …

We developed genetically encoded fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based
sensors that display a large ratiometric change upon Zn2+ binding, have affinities that span …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), after activity-dependent secretion from neurons,
modulates critical nervous system functions. Recently, a variant in the human bdnf gene …

Human islet amyloid polypeptide is a hormone coexpressed with insulin by pancreatic beta-
cells. For reasons not clearly understood, hIAPP aggregates in type II diabetics to form …

The hormone insulin is stored in secretory granules and released from the pancreatic β-cells
by exocytosis. In the consensus model of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, ATP is …