The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct of glycolysis to
its role in tumor metabolism, as identified by studies on the Warburg effect. The lactate …

Persistent hyper-inflammation is a distinguishing pathophysiological characteristic of chronic
wounds, and macrophage malfunction is considered as a major contributor thereof. In this …

Akt is a PI3K-activated serine-threonine kinase that exists in three distinct isoforms. Akt's
expression in most immune cells, either at baseline or upon activation, reflects its …

Menstruation occurs in few species and involves a cyclic process of proliferation, breakdown
and regeneration under the control of ovarian hormones. Knowledge of normal endometrial …

The dermal sheath (DS) is a population of mesenchyme-derived skin cells with emerging
importance for skin homeostasis. The DS includes hair follicle dermal stem cells, which …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and macrophages are tissue-resident cells that play important
roles in tissue-immune homeostasis and immune regulation. ILCs are mainly distributed on …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been known to facilitate the healing of numerous ailments
including diabetic wounds. PBM is not broadly acknowledged largely due to skepticism …

When exposed to various microenvironmental stimuli, macrophages are highly plastic and
primarily polarized into the pro-inflammatory M1-type and the anti-inflammatory M2-type …

miR-150 was found to target the 3′-untranslated regions of AKT3, and the AKT pathway
was affected by SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1). However, the expression and significance of …

Evidence from past research has shown that DNA methylation plays a key role in the
pathogenesis of periodontitis, regulating gene expression levels and thereby affecting the …