Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are group of enzymes responsible for the
hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′ monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3 …

The present review addresses the oocyte and the preimplantation embryo, and is intended
to highlight the underlying principle of the “nature versus/and nurture” question. Given the …

To induce meiotic resumption of porcine oocytes, it is thought to be necessary to expose the
cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) to gonadotropins during in-vitro maturation (IVM) …

The arrest of meiotic prophase in mammalian oocytes within fully grown follicles is
dependent on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulation. A large part of cAMP is …

CDK-activating kinase (CAK) phosphorylates threonine 161 (T161) of CDC2, a catalytic
subunit of maturation/M-phase promoting factor (MPF), and is essential for MPF activation in …

Abstract Cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) and fizzy/cell division cycle 20 related 1 (FZR1) are
activators of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), which ubiquitinates M-phase …

Porcine immature oocytes require protein synthesis for meiotic resumption, thus the
importance of Cdc2 inhibitory phosphorylation in their meiotic arrest remains controversial …

Reproduction is the process by which organisms create descendants. In human
reproduction, two kinds of sex cells, or gametes, are involved. Sperm, the male gamete, and …

The stimulatory heterotrimeric G s protein alpha subunit (G s α) is a ubiquitous guanine
nucleotide-binding protein that regulates the intracellular cAMP signaling pathway and …

G protein-coupled receptor 3 (Gpr3) is a member of G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin
family, which is present throughout the follicle within the ovary and functions as a critical …