Phagocytosis is a cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles larger than 0.5 μm
in diameter, including microorganisms, foreign substances, and apoptotic cells …

The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous
challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways …

Amyloid plaques, mainly composed of abnormally aggregated amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the
brain parenchyma, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), consisting of hyperphosphorylated tau …

One hundred years have passed since the death of Élie Metchnikoff (1845–1916). He was
the first to observe the uptake of particles by cells and realized the importance of this …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are produced by Gram-negative bacteria both in vitro and
in vivo. OMVs are nano-sized spherical vehicles formed by lipid bilayer membranes and …

ABSTRACT Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties that
plays a central role in limiting host immune response to pathogens, thereby preventing …

Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, rapidly activate in nearly
all kinds of neurological diseases. These activated microglia become highly motile …

Engulfment and destruction of invading microorganisms by phagocytosis are critical
components of the innate immune response. In addition, phagocytosis is also required for …

The production of personalized cancer vaccines made from autologous tumour cells could
benefit from mechanisms that enhance immunogenicity. Here we show that cancer vaccines …

In vertebrates, during an early wave of hematopoiesis in the yolk sac between embryonic
day E7. 0 and E9. 0, cells of mesodermal leaflet addressed to macrophage lineage enter in …