Heart failure remains a continuing threat to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Although various heart failure biomarkers have been applied for early detection, diagnosis …

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as the main cause of death among cardiovascular
diseases is defined as a deficiency of oxygen that generates irreversible tissue necrosis in …

Background The biomarkers soluble ST2 (sST2), galectin-3, and growth-differentiation factor-
15 (GDF-15) provide prognostic information in patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of this …

Background Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction remains a major therapeutic
challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of novel cardiovascular …

Background Biomarker discovery and new insights into the pathophysiology of heart failure
with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) may emerge from recent advances in high-throughput …

Background Detection of preclinical cardiac dysfunction and prognosis of left ventricular
heart failure (HF) would allow targeted intervention, and appears to be the most promising …

Chronic heart failure (CHF) represents a major cause of hospitalization and death. Recent
evidence shows that novel biomarkers such as soluble suppression of tumorigenicity (sST2) …

Biological markers have served for diagnosis, risk stratification and guided therapy of heart
failure (HF). Our knowledge regarding abilities of biomarkers to relate to several pathways of …

The proteins soluble ST2 (sST2) and galectin-3 are currently gaining mounting interest as
candidate biomarkers in cardiac disease. Both, sST2 and galectin-3 have been included in …

Background Inflammation is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and stimulates
glomerular expression of vascular adhesion molecules (VCAMs). We investigated in a …