Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity is associated with blood‐brain barrier
(BBB) disruption, which is mediated by inflammatory cytokines released by CD4+ …

Sleep is a natural and recurring state of life. Long-term insomnia can lead to physical and
mental fatigue, inattention, memory loss, anxiety, depression and other symptoms, imposing …

The ubiquitous signaling nucleoside molecule, adenosine is found in different cells of the
human body to provide its numerous pharmacological role. The associated actions of …

Cerebrolysin is a neuropeptide preparation mimicking the action of endogenous
neurotrophic factors. Positive effects of Cerebrolysin on β-amyloid-and tau-related …

The aim of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that extracellular guanosine
regulates extracellular adenosine levels. Rat preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells …

A single intrathecal dose of adenosine 2A receptor (A 2A R) agonist was previously reported
to produce a multi-week reversal of allodynia in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of …

In the present review we discuss the potential involvement of adenosinergic signaling, in
particular the role of adenosine receptors, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Though the …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental
disorder. Independent of neuronal dysfunction, ASD and its associated comorbidities have …

Aims Bradycardia contributes to tachy-brady arrhythmias or sinus arrest during heart failure
(HF). Sinoatrial node (SAN) adenosine A1 receptors (ADO A1Rs) are upregulated in HF …

Hearing loss and cognitive decline are commonly associated with aging and morbidity.
Present clinical interest lies in whether peripheral hearing loss promotes cognitive decline …