Driver mutations promote initiation and progression of cancer. Pharmacological treatment
can inhibit the action of the mutant protein; however, drug resistance almost invariably …

Why do we get cancer mostly when we are old? According to current paradigms, the answer
is simple: mutations accumulate in our tissues throughout life, and some of these mutations …

Many effective drugs for metastatic and/or advanced-stage cancers have been developed
over the past decade, although the evolution of resistance remains the major barrier to …

Systemic therapy often results in the reduction of tumor size but rarely succeeds in
eradicating all cancer cells. Drug efflux, persistence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial …

The number of publications on mathematical modeling of cancer is growing at an
exponential rate, according to PubMed records, provided by the US National Library of …

We present a unifying theory to explain cancer recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and
lethality. The basis of this theory is the formation of simultaneously polyploid and aneuploid …

Remodeling tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is an important strategy to lift the
immunosuppression and achieve immune normalization. In this work, a mannosylated …

Recent studies have shown that a strategy aiming for containment, not elimination, can
control tumour burden more effectively in vitro, in mouse models and in the clinic. These …

Evolutionary game theory mathematically conceptualizes and analyzes biological
interactions where one's fitness not only depends on one's own traits, but also on the traits of …

The application of evolutionary and ecological principles to cancer prevention and
treatment, as well as recognizing cancer as a selection force in nature, has gained impetus …