Highly sensitive and specific discrimination of brain tumor margins from the surrounding
parenchyma remains a formidable challenge. Limited by the short of photostable probes …

Following the “detect‐to‐treat” strategy, by biological engineering, the emerging
upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have become one of the most promising inorganic …

Conspectus Photon upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a promising
new class of nanomaterials due to their ability to convert near-IR light into visible …

Lanthanide upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) show unique upconversion
luminescence where lower-energy photons (such as near-infrared (NIR) excitation) are …

Therapeutic efficacy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is often severely limited by poor
penetration of therapeutics through blood-brain barrier (BBB) into brain tissues and lack of …

Free radical therapy based on 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA, a precursor of the
photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)) has been approved by the US Food and Drug …

Although multifunctional upconversion imaging probes have recently attracted considerable
interest in biomedical research, there are currently few methods for stabilizing these …

Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is an attractive modality for early cancer
detection with high sensitivity and multi-detection capability. Due to convenient modification …

The chemotherapy of glioblastoma is severely hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor
microenvironment, especially the tumor growth factor β (TGF‐β), an immunosuppressive …

The over-growth and coagulation of nanoparticles is prevented using capping agents by the
production of stearic effect that plays a pivotal role in stabilizing the interface. This strategy of …