Advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapies have improved survival in cancer
patients with an increase of the incidence of newly diagnosed brain metastases (BMs) …

Brain metastases (BrMs) are associated with significant morbidity and are found in up to
50% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most of the literature …

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against the human epidermal growth factor receptor
(EGFR) are now standard treatment in the clinic for patients with advanced EGFR mutant …

Background CNS metastases—including brain and leptomeningeal metastases—from
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are …

Non–small-cell lung cancer patients with activating mutations in epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) respond to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Nevertheless …

Brain metastases (BM) frequently occur in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Most patients with BM have a limited life expectancy, measured in months. Selected patients …

Importance Intracranial metastatic disease (IMD) is a serious and life-altering complication
for many patients with cancer. Targeted therapy may address the limitations of current …

The most common oncogenic driver in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations that occur more frequently among Asians …

Lung cancer represents the most common cause of brain dissemination. Oncogene-
addicted (EGFR-and ALK-positive) non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) are characterized …

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain tumor in human patients, is decidedly
heterogeneous and highly vascularized. Glioma stem/initiating cells (GSC) are found to play …