Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment, with immune checkpoint
blockade (ICB) therapy and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) increasingly becoming standard of …

Cancer immunotherapy aims to promote the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) within
a tumour, assist the priming of tumour-specific CTLs in lymphoid organs and establish …

Current success of immunotherapy in cancer has drawn attention to the subsets of TH cells
in the tumor which are critical for activation of anti-tumor response either directly by …

Despite significant advances in the field of cancer immunotherapy, the majority of patients
still do not benefit from treatment and must rely on traditional therapies. Dendritic cells have …

The clinical success of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has produced explosive growth in
tumor immunology research because ICT was discovered through basic studies of immune …

Cancer is characterized by an accumulation of genetic alterations. Somatic mutations can
generate cancer-specific neoepitopes that are recognized by autologous T cells as foreign …

Effective adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) comprises the killing of cancer cells through the
therapeutic use of transferred T cells. One of the main ACT approaches is chimeric antigen …

Immunotherapy has emerged as a key pillar of cancer treatment. To build upon the recent
successes of immunotherapy, intense research efforts are aimed at a molecular …