Soil microorganisms shape global element cycles in life and death. Living soil
microorganisms are a major engine of terrestrial biogeochemistry, driving the turnover of soil …

Vegetation composition shifts, and in particular, shrub expansion across the Arctic tundra
are some of the most important and widely observed responses of high-latitude ecosystems …

Inhabiting the interface between plant roots and soil, mycorrhizal fungi play a unique but
underappreciated role in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics. Their hyphae provide an …

Fungi form a major and diverse component of most ecosystems on Earth. They are both
micro and macroorganisms with high and varying functional diversity as well as great …

The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the
ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools,, sequester carbon …

Globally, forests represent highly productive ecosystems that act as carbon sinks where soil
organic matter is formed from residuals after biomass decomposition as well as from …

Mycorrhizal fungi benefit plants by improved mineral nutrition and protection against stress,
yet information about fundamental differences among mycorrhizal types in fungi and trees …

Belowground climate change responses remain a key unknown in the Earth system. Plant
fine-root response is especially important to understand because fine roots respond quickly …

Vegetation impacts on ecosystem functioning are mediated by mycorrhizas, plant–fungal
associations formed by most plant species. Ecosystems dominated by distinct mycorrhizal …

Respiration of soil organic carbon is one of the largest fluxes of CO 2 on earth.
Understanding the processes that regulate soil respiration is critical for predicting future …