Gliomas are the common type of brain tumors originating from glial cells. Epidemiologically,
gliomas occur among all ages, more often seen in adults, which males are more susceptible …

The discovery and clinical implementation of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting
CTLA4, PD-1 and PD-L1 has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, as recognized by the …

The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has now been universally
acknowledged as a significant breakthrough in tumor therapy after the targeted treatment of …

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Over the past decade, lung cancer treatment has undergone a major paradigm shift. A
greater understanding of lung cancer biology has led to the development of many effective …

The APOE4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The contribution of microglial APOE4 to AD pathogenesis is unknown, although APOE has …

The two T cell inhibitory receptors PD-1 and TIM-3 are co-expressed during exhausted T cell
differentiation, and recent evidence suggests that their crosstalk regulates T cell exhaustion …

Melanoma, a skin cancer that develops from pigment cells, has been studied intensively,
particularly in terms of the immune response to tumours, and has been used as a model for …

Immunotherapy holds the potential to induce durable responses, but only a minority of
patients currently respond. The etiologies of primary and secondary resistance to …

Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited
conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety and long-term memory ability …