Maintaining structural integrity and enhancing stability of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease
virus (iFMDV) antigen in adjuvants is crucial to ensure the vaccine potency. Unfortunately …

Encapsulating antigens with zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) exhibits many
advantages in vaccine development. However, most viral antigens with complex particulate …

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of biomacromolecules using large pore size media
and long column are usually necessary to obtain a satisfactory separation. However, the …

The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported to describe the adsorption of
proteins in different types of chromatographic adsorbents. Here in the present work, a pore …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection causing acute and
severe vesicular lesions in cattle and pigs, which has prompted global vaccination policies …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-
hoofed animals. Vaccination is the most effective measure to control FMD. However, FMDV …

The poor thermostability of the Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccines is a huge
challenge since it requires cold chain transportation and thus significantly increases the …

Obtaining the bio-particles with high purity is crucial for their biomedical use. Ionic exchange
chromatography (IEC) has exhibited great potential and has been widely used in the …

The structural instability of inactivated Foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen hinders the
development of vaccine industry. The use of an inexpensive, biocompatible formulation to …