The pathophysiology of glaucoma is complex, multifactorial and not completely understood.
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or impaired retinal blood flow may cause initial optic …

The adaptive immune system and associated inflammation are vital in surveillance and host
protection against internal and external threats, but can secondarily damage host tissues …

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) form under normal physiological conditions and may
have both beneficial and harmful role. We search the literature and current knowledge in the …

Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content The
New England Journal of Medicine homepage Advanced Search SEARCH SPECIALTIES …

The loss of vision after damage to the retina, optic nerve, or brain has often grave
consequences in everyday life such as problems with recognizing faces, reading, or …

Para-inflammation is a tissue adaptive response to noxious stress or malfunction and has
characteristics that are intermediate between basal and inflammatory states (Medzhitov …

Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of
antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any …

The lack of capability to quantify oxygen metabolism noninvasively impedes both
fundamental investigation and clinical diagnosis of a wide spectrum of diseases including all …

Normal‑tension glaucoma (NTG) is a multifactorial optic neuropathy which, similar to open‑
angle glaucomas, is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death and …

This review examines the role of oxidative stress in damage to cells of the trabecular
meshwork and associated impaired aqueous drainage as well as damage to retinal …