Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration that
results in visual field loss and irreversible blindness. A crucial element in the …

Visual perception is one of the basic tools for exploring the world. However, in
schizophrenia, this modality is disrupted. So far, there has been no clear answer as to …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the sole output neurons that transmit visual information
from the retina to the brain. Diverse insults and pathological states cause degeneration of …

Glutamate neurotransmission and metabolism are finely modulated by the retinal network,
where the efficient processing of visual information is shaped by the differential distribution …

Sustained increase in intraocular pressure represents a major risk factor for eye disease, yet
the cellular mechanisms of pressure transduction in the posterior eye are essentially …

The central hypothesis of excitotoxicity is that excessive stimulation of neuronal NMDA-
sensitive glutamate receptors is harmful to neurons and contributes to a variety of …

Retinopathy, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR),
and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), are the leading cause of blindness among seniors …

Neurons in the mammalian retina expressing the photopigment melanopsin have been
identified as a class of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). This …

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) respond to light in the absence of
all rod and cone photoreceptor input. The existence of these ganglion cell photoreceptors …

Glutamate excitotoxicity is responsible for neuronal death in acute neurological disorders
including stroke, trauma and neurodegenerative disease. Loss of calcium homeostasis is a …