Simple Summary Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the
development of tumors, modulation of neoangiogenesis, immune suppression, and …

Preeclampsia is a life-threatening pregnancy-associated cardiovascular disorder
characterized by hypertension and proteinuria at 20 weeks of gestation. Though its exact …

Balanced immunity is pivotal for health and homeostasis. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells are
central to the balance between immune tolerance and immune rejection. Th cells adopt …

BACKGROUND Endometriosis, a common oestrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder in
women of reproductive age, is characterized by endometrial-like tissue outside its normal …

Anagen stage hair follicles (HFs) exhibit “immune privilege (IP)” from the level of the bulge
downwards to the bulb. Both passive and active IP mechanisms protect HFs from …

The adaptive immune system and associated inflammation are vital in surveillance and host
protection against internal and external threats, but can secondarily damage host tissues …

T lymphocytes (T cells) are divided into two functionally different subgroups the CD4+ T
helper cells (Th) and the CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Adequate CD4 and CD8 T …

Senescent cells (SnCs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases
including osteoarthritis (OA), in part via expression of a senescence-associated secretory …

T regulatory cells suppress a variety of immune responses to self-antigens and play a role in
peripheral tolerance maintenance by limiting autoimmune disorders, and other pathological …

Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised
by deficits in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviours. The clinical …