The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) restricts the replication of a broad range of RNA and
DNA viruses. ZAP directly binds viral RNA, targeting it for degradation and inhibiting its …

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL).
HTLV-1 carriers have a lifelong asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host …

CpG and UpA dinucleotides are under-represented in vertebrate genomes, whereas most
invertebrates only show a bias against UpA. RNA viruses are thought to have evolved …

The COVID-19 pandemic reminds us that in spite of the scientific progress in the past
century, there is a lack of general antiviral strategies. In analogy to broad-spectrum …

The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a broad inhibitor of virus replication. Its best-
characterized function is to bind CpG dinucleotides present in viral RNAs and, through the …

Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are a huge family comprised of massive, structurally diverse
proteins characterized by zinc ion coordinating. They engage in the host-virus interplay in …

The evolutionary conflict between retroviruses and their vertebrate hosts over millions of
years has led to the emergence of cellular innate immune proteins termed restriction factors …

Poxviruses (family Poxviridae) have long dsDNA genomes and infect a wide range of hosts,
including insects, birds, reptiles and mammals. These viruses have substantial incidence …

The ability of zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) to recognize and respond to RNA virus
sequences with elevated frequencies of CpG dinucleotides has been proposed as a …

Restriction factors are structurally and functionally diverse cellular proteins that constitute a
first line of defense against viral pathogens. Exceptions exist, but typically these proteins are …