Etoposide (ETO), a popular anticancer drug that inhibits topoisomerase II enzymes, may be
administered more effectively and efficiently due to nanomedicine. The therapeutic …

Intranasal administration has gained an increasing interest for brain drug delivery since it
allows direct transport through neuronal pathways, which can be quite advantageous for …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, with a median
survival of only 2 to 4 years. Riluzole, a drug commonly used in the management of ALS …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with high malignancy and
resistance to conventional treatments, resulting in a bleak prognosis. Nanoparticles offer a …

Central nervous system integrity is the state of brain functioning across sensory, cognitive,
emotional-social behaviors, and motor domains, allowing a person to realise his full …

Orally administered antipsychotic drugs are the first-line treatment for psychotic disorders,
such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, adverse drug reactions …

The introduction of cancer therapeutics and nanotechnology has resulted in a paradigm shift
from conventional therapy to precision medicine. Nanotechnology, an interdisciplinary field …

Particle-based drug delivery systems have shown promising application potential to treat
human diseases; however, an incomplete understanding of their interactions with vascular …

Depression and anxiety are high incidence and debilitating psychiatric disorders, usually
treated by antidepressant or anxiolytic drug administration, respectively. Nevertheless …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known chronic neurodegenerative disorder that leads to
the progressive death of brain cells, resulting in memory loss and the loss of other critical …